| World
Religions
back to top |
|
| Judaism | |
| 1. Middle East | Judaism started in this region (Israel) |
| 2. Jerusalem | holiest city for Jews - capital of Israel - home of ancient Jewish temple |
| Christianity | |
| 3. Middle East | Christianity started in this region (Israel) |
| Islam | |
| 4. Mecca | 1st holy city of Islam - home of the Kaaba (black box & Islam's holiest place) |
| 5. Medina | 2nd holy city of Islam - where Muhammad fled after he left Mecca |
| 6. Jerusalem | 3rd holy city of Islam - where Muhammad left earth for heaven |
| 7. Middle East | Islam started in this region (Saudi Arabia) |
| 8. Saudi Arabia | modern day name of country in which Islam started |
| Hinduism | |
| 9. India | where Hinduism began |
| Buddhism | |
| 10. China | country today with the most Buddhists. Buddhism taken there by Asoka |
| 11. India | where Buddhism began |
| Religious Conflicts
back to top |
|
| 12. Middle East | West Bank/Jerusalem Conflict - Jews v. Muslims |
| 13. India | Kashmir Conflict - Hindus v. Muslims |
| 14. Northern Ireland | Catholic Christians v. Protestant Christians |
| 15. Balkan Peninsula (E'ern Europe) | Balkan Conflict - Serb Christians v. Muslims |
| 16. Holy Roman Empire (Germany) | 30 Years' War - Protestants v. Catholics |
| Ottoman Empire
back to top |
|
| 17. Constantinople | important Christian trade city - conquered by the Turks and renamed Istanbul |
| 18. Istanbul | Muslim name given to Constantinople after they conquered it - became Ottoman capital |
| 19. Ottoman Empire | 1. original location = Asia
Minor
2. expanded to = Balkan Peninsula, Middle East, N Africa 3. capital = Istanbul 4. religion = Islam 5. goods traded = coffee and ceramics |
| Renaissance
back to top |
|
| 20. Italian City-States | where the Renaissance began - they were wealthy from trade |
| Reformation
back to top |
|
| 21. Switzerland | home of John Calvin and Calvinism |
| 22. England | home of the Anglican Church |
| 23. Holy Roman Empire (Germany) | where the Protestant Reformation began. home of Luther. 30 Years' War. |
| World
Empires c. 1500
back to top |
|
| 24. Japanese Empire | 1. structure of gov't = powerless
emperor & powerful shogun (military leader)
2. policy toward foreign trade = isolationism |
| 25. Chinese Empire | 1. policy toward foreign trade
= limit & control it
2. how it limited trade = trading enclaves (cities set aside for trade) 3. goods E'peans wanted from China = silk, tea, porcelain, paper |
| 26. Ottoman Empire | 1. original location = Asia
Minor
2. expanded to = Balkan Peninsula, Middle East, N Africa 3. capital = Istanbul 4. religion = Islam 5. goods traded = coffee and ceramics |
| 27. Mughal Empire | 1. location = N India
2. religion = Islam 3. architecture = Taj Mahal 4. trading partners = England, Portugal, and Netherlands set up trading ports on coast 5. goods traded = textiles (influenced British textile industry) |
| 28. Songhai Empire | 1. location = W Africa
2. goods traded = gold, slaves, raw materials, and salt 3. European country with slave trading posts = Portugal |
| 29. Holy Roman Empire (Germany) | 1. location = Central Europe
2. language = German 3. ruling family = Hapsburgs (Catholic) 4. religion = Catholic south & Protestant north 5. 2 largest states = Prussia and Austria 6. hated enemy = France |
| 30. Advanced Native American Empires | Aztec
1. location = central Mexico 2. known for = gold, human sacrifice 3. conquered by = Cortez (Spain) Inca
Maya
|
| Exploration
back to top |
|
| 31. Portugal | colonies in Brazil - less colonies = less influence over the years - 1st great exploring country, small trading colonies along African coast - Prince Henry the Navigator, da Gama |
| 32. Spain | took over Mexico & Peru - more colonies = lasting influence - 1st major colonial power - all of Latin America (from Mexico to South America) - Columbus, Magellan, Diaz, Cortez |
| 33. Netherlands | set up trading posts on coast of India |
| 34. France | claimed all of inland North America, Quebec - Cartier was from here |
| 35. England | colonies in Jamestown, the Caribbean, and India |
| 36. New World | N, C, and S America - the places that were new to Europeans |
| 37. Old World | Europe - the places the Europeans already knew about |
| Absolute Monarchs
back to top |
|
| 38. France | home of Louis XIV |
| 39. Russia | home of Peter the Great |
| 40. Prussia | home of Frederick the Great |
| Revolutions
back to top |
|
| 41. England | the people/Parliament revolted against the monarch and began the process of giving people rights with their Bill of Rights. After Glorious Revolution Parliament now has more power than the monarch. |
| 42. United States | Revolts against England and takes revolution one step further by having democracy, giving people many rights and freedoms, and by not having a king. |
| 43. France | Tries to do what US did. People revolt against king. Leads to chaos. Napoleon takes over & creates an empire. Leads to all of Europe being at war. |
| 44. Haiti | Slaves are inspired by US & French revolutions. They overthrow whites and create 1st black run country in New World. Led by Toussaint L'Ouverture. |
| 45. Latin America | Bolivar takes ideas of revolution to Latin America. Eventually all Latin American countries become independent from European control. |
| 46. Vienna | capital of Austria. home of Congress of Vienna. Metternich leads conservatives who don't want revolution in an attempt to stop future E'pean revolutions. |
| Revolutions:
Unification of Italy &
Germany back to top |
|
| 47. Italy | before 1861, Italy was made up of city-states. some were ruled by non-Italians. the pope controlled Rome and was very powerful. Garibaldi conquered the southern part of Italy and united it with the northern part. the French still protected the pope in Rome. they were conquered in 1870. Italy became unified. Rome was the capital. |
| 48. Germany | before 1871, there were 39 independent German states. Prussian & Austria = most powerful. German states began working together after Congress of Vienna. Bismarck leads Prussia into wars against France, Austria and Denmark. He gets control of most German lands. this becomes Germany. |
| Industrial Revolution
back to top |
|
| 49. England | where Ind. Rev. started. had natural resources - coal, iron ore - and extra workers because of Enclosure Movement. Advances in the textile industry grew into the Ind. Rev. |
| Imperialism
back to top |
|
| 50. Africa | E'peans want to control Egypt so they can control the Suez Canal and water traffic from Mediterranean Sea to Red Sea and Indian Ocean. |
| 51. China | E'peans created spheres of influence which led to Boxer Rebellion. |
| 52. Japan | 1853 American Matthew Perry convinced Japan to sign a treaty and trade with US. People thought it was unequal and they rebelled putting the Meiji leaders into power. The Meiji wanted Japan to be as modern and imperialist as the western countries. |
| ` | |
| Between the
Wars
back to top |
|
| 53. Germany | Hitler - Nazi Party |
| 54. Italy | Mussolini - Fascist Party |
| 55. Soviet Union | Stalin - Communist Party |
| 56. Japan | Tojo - Military Dictatorship |
| World War II
back to top |
|
| 57. Japan | fascist. Axis Power. want to take over Asia & kick out Europeans. attack US on December 7, 1941. ends up taking over almost all of the Pacific before US drops atomic bombs. |
| 58. Italy | fascist. Axis Power. want to expand country. take over Ethiopia. |
| 59. Germany | fascist. Axis Power. wants to take over Europe so Germans can have "living space" |
| 60. Soviet Union | Allied Power. after WWII, occupies E'ern Europe and spreads communism |
| 61. Israel | created by the UN after WWII as a country for Jewish people. |
| Communist Revolutions
back to top |
|
| 62. China | communists led by Mao - beat Nationalists led by Chiang |
| 63. Taiwan | where Chiang Kai-shek took his Chinese nationalists after losing Chinese Civil War to Mao and the Communists |
| 64. Vietnam | communists led by Ho Chi Minh - kicked out French. fought the US |
| 65. Cuba | Castro leads Communist Revolution. later home of Cuban Missile Crisis when Soviets put nuclear missiles in Cuba. US demands they stop. Soviets back down. |
| Independence
Movements
back to top |
|
| 66. India | Gandhi led peaceful resistance against Great Britain and India received independence. |
| 67. West Africa | peaceful transition from colonies to independence |
| 68. Algeria | had to fight a war against France for independence |
| 69. Kenya | fought a violent war against Great Britain. called Mau Mau Uprising and led by Kenyatta |
| 70. South Africa | black South Africans struggled for decades against apartheid (policy of strict segregation) |